Some of the key features and
goals of the NEP 2020 are as follows:
- To achieve universal access and retention in school education, with
100% gross enrolment ratio from pre-primary to secondary level by 2030.
- To implement a new 5+3+3+4 curricular structure, based on the
cognitive and developmental stages of the learners, with a flexible and
holistic approach.
- To ensure foundational literacy and numeracy for all children by
grade 3, with special attention to the socio-economically disadvantaged
groups.
- To promote
multilingualism and the power of language, with the mother tongue or local
language as the medium of instruction up to grade 5, and preferably up to
grade 8 and beyond.
- To integrate 21st century skills and competencies, such as critical
thinking, creativity, communication, collaboration, and digital literacy,
across the curriculum and pedagogy.
- To introduce experiential learning, art-integrated education, and
sports-integrated education, to foster the physical, mental, and emotional
well-being of the students.
- To reduce the curriculum load and make it more relevant and
enjoyable, with more emphasis on the core concepts and skills, and less on
the rote memorization and examination.
- To reform the assessment system, with a shift from summative to
formative assessment, and from testing to learning outcomes.
- To establish a
National Assessment Centre (PARAKH) to monitor the quality and standards
of education, and to conduct a National Achievement Survey (NAS) to
measure the learning outcomes of the students.
- To create a National
Curriculum Framework for School Education (NCFSE) and a National
Professional Standards for Teachers (NPST) to guide the curriculum development and teacher education.
- To increase the public
investment in education to 6% of the GDP, and to ensure adequate and
equitable allocation of resources to all levels and types of education.
- To increase the gross
enrolment ratio in higher education to 50% by 2035, and to ensure universal access and inclusion for all sections of
the society.
- To implement a new 4-year undergraduate programme, with multiple
exit and entry options, and a choice-based credit system, to provide
flexibility and diversity to the learners.
- To establish a multidisciplinary and holistic education system,
with the integration of arts, humanities, sciences, and professional
fields, and the elimination of rigid boundaries and hierarchies.
- To promote a culture of research and innovation, with the creation
of a National
Research Foundation (NRF) to fund and facilitate quality research
in all disciplines.
- To ensure academic autonomy and accountability, with the
establishment of a single regulator, the Higher Education Commission of India (HECI),
to oversee the standards and accreditation of all higher education
institutions, except medical and legal education.
- To encourage internationalization of education, with the
facilitation of global student mobility, cross-border collaboration, and
the entry of foreign universities in India.
- To revamp the teacher education system, with the introduction of a
4-year integrated B.Ed programme as the minimum qualification for
teaching, and the establishment of a National Council for Teacher
Education (NCTE) as a professional standard-setting body.
- To create a National
Educational Technology Forum (NETF) to provide a platform for the exchange
of ideas and best practices on the use of technology in education, and to
foster digital literacy and online learning.
- To develop a National
Higher Education Qualification Framework (NHEQF) and a National Higher
Education Curriculum Framework (NHECF) to align
the higher education system with the global standards and trends.
- To ensure quality and
excellence in education, with the implementation of a National
Accreditation System (NAS) and a Performance Grading Index (PGI) to assess
and rank the higher education institutions.
The education sector in India is undergoing a major transformation, with the adoption of the NEP 2020, which is expected to bring about significant changes and improvements in the quality and outcomes of education.
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